Loss of ecosystem services value due to food security

This paper clarified the important issues of the loss of ecosystem services value driven by food security and revealed the types and connotations of the loss. The loss of ecosystem services value caused by guarantee of food security was grouped into direct and indirect loss. Direct loss was further grouped into two. The first of the two groups was caused by conversion among different ecosystems corresponding to the land use adjustment. The second was resulted from adverse effect of food production on ecosystems in the vicinity of agro-ecosystems. Indirect losses was induced by decrease of ecosystem services value of lands, which was used to grain production rather than other land use type (or ecosystem) with higher services value.