Abstract: Chemical and biological pollution in farmland is a new area for agricultural ecology and environmental research both in China and abroad. Based on project management work, the authors summarized application submission, peer review, and grant funding processes; analyzed research outcomes; and briefly introduced major research results concerning the two research projects in the chemically and biologically polluted farmland funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China in the 13^th Five-Year Plan period. Through funding and implementation of the projects, a number of achievements have been made in basic research, technical development, and application. With this paper, we aim to provide references for related academics and policy makers and boost future research in the area of farmland chemical and biological pollution.