董睿潇, 王永庆, 王鑫博, 李玉义, 王希全, 张宏媛, 宋佳珅, 于茹, 逄焕成, 王婧. 盐胁迫对食用型向日葵现蕾期叶片光合性能与冠层结构的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2024, 32(1): 141−152. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20230227
引用本文: 董睿潇, 王永庆, 王鑫博, 李玉义, 王希全, 张宏媛, 宋佳珅, 于茹, 逄焕成, 王婧. 盐胁迫对食用型向日葵现蕾期叶片光合性能与冠层结构的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2024, 32(1): 141−152. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20230227
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DONG R X, WANG Y Q, WANG X B, LI Y Y, WANG X Q, ZHANG H Y, SONG J S, YU R, PANG H C, WANG J. Effects of salt stress on photosynthetic characteristics and canopy structure of edible sunflower leaves at budding stage[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2024, 32(1): 141−152. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20230227
Citation: DONG R X, WANG Y Q, WANG X B, LI Y Y, WANG X Q, ZHANG H Y, SONG J S, YU R, PANG H C, WANG J. Effects of salt stress on photosynthetic characteristics and canopy structure of edible sunflower leaves at budding stage[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2024, 32(1): 141−152. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20230227
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盐胁迫对食用型向日葵现蕾期叶片光合性能与冠层结构的影响

Effects of salt stress on photosynthetic characteristics and canopy structure of edible sunflower leaves at budding stage

    摘要
  • 摘要: 为探明不同程度盐胁迫对现蕾期食用型向日葵(下称“食葵”)光合作用的影响, 测定分析轻度(全盐量1.00 g∙kg−1, LS)、中度(全盐量2.68 g∙kg−1, MS)和重度(全盐量4.93 g∙kg−1, HS)盐胁迫下, 现蕾期食葵不同叶位叶片的光合性能和冠层结构参数。结果表明, 盐胁迫降低了食葵叶片的净光合速率(Pn), 其中MS和HS处理的Pn最大值较LS分别降低5.09%和38.69%, 并减少了具有较高光合速率的叶片数量。盐胁迫降低了食葵顶叶的Pn, MS、HS处理的食葵顶叶Pn最大值较LS分别降低8.08%、14.66%。LS处理的光合速率受到气孔和非气孔双重因素的影响, 而MS、HS处理主要受非气孔因素的影响。盐胁迫改变了食葵的株型, LS处理的冠层结构呈宝塔型, 而MS和HS处理的冠层结构分别呈平展型和圆柱体型。盐胁迫会减小食葵总叶面积和主要功能叶面积, 其中HS处理的总叶面积较LS、MS处理分别降低56.03%、47.74%, HS处理的最大单叶面积较LS、MS处理分别降低38.71%、49.46%; 同时HS处理叶倾角最大值与LS、MS处理相比分别提高30.92%、14.59%。总之, 盐胁迫会明显降低食葵主要功能叶片的光合性能和叶面积, 并使其冠层结构由伸展型向收缩型变化, 进而抑制植株正常生长。

     

    Abstract: To explore the effects of the degree of salt-stress on the photosynthesis of edible sunflowers (hereafter referred to as “edible sunflower”) at the budding stage, the photosynthetic characteristics of the leaves and their canopy structures were obtained after three degrees of salt stress classed as lower (LS), medium (MS), and higher (HS) total dissolved solids values (1.00, 2.68, and 4.93 g∙kg−1, respectively). The results showed that the three salt stress treatments dramatically decreased the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of the leaves and reduced the number of leaves with high Pn. When compared with that in the LS treatment, the maximum Pn in the MS and HS treatments decreased by 5.09% and 38.69%, respectively. In addition, salt stress reduced the Pn of the top leaves. The maximum Pn values of the top leaves in the MS and HS treatments were 8.08% and 14.66% lower than those in the LS treatment, respectively. The Pn of all leaves was mainly affected by the synergistic effects of stomatal and non-stomatal factors in the LS treatment, whereas it was mainly affected by non-stomatal factors in the MS and HS treatments. Salt stress also changed the plant type of the edible sunflowers. The canopy structure of LS treatment had a pagoda shape; however, the canopy structures of MS and HS treatments were flat and cylindrical, respectively. Salt stress reduced the total and main functional leaf areas of edible sunflower. Compared with the LS and MS treatments, the total leaf area of the HS treatment decreased by 56.03% and 47.74%, respectively; the maximum single leaf area of the HS treatment also decreased by 38.71% and 49.46%, respectively. Contrarily, the maximum leaf inclination angle of the HS treatment increased by 30.92% and 14.59% compared to those of the LS and MS treatments, respectively. Concludingly, salt stress significantly reduced the photosynthetic performance and leaf area of the main functional leaves of edible sunflowers, causing the canopy structure to change from extended to contracted, thereby inhibiting normal plant growth.

     

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