李娜, 乔志伟, 洪坚平, 谢英荷, 张铁全. 磷细菌在复垦土壤上生长规律及对磷解析特性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2015, 23(8): 964-972. DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.150048
引用本文: 李娜, 乔志伟, 洪坚平, 谢英荷, 张铁全. 磷细菌在复垦土壤上生长规律及对磷解析特性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2015, 23(8): 964-972.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.150048
LI Na, QIAO Zhiwei, HONG Jianping, XIE Yinghe, ZHANG Tiequan. Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria growth and effects on soil phosphorus adsorption-desorption characteristics in reclaimed soils[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2015, 23(8): 964-972. DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.150048
Citation: LI Na, QIAO Zhiwei, HONG Jianping, XIE Yinghe, ZHANG Tiequan. Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria growth and effects on soil phosphorus adsorption-desorption characteristics in reclaimed soils[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2015, 23(8): 964-972.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.150048

磷细菌在复垦土壤上生长规律及对磷解析特性的影响

Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria growth and effects on soil phosphorus adsorption-desorption characteristics in reclaimed soils

  • 摘要:为了解磷细菌在山西采煤塌陷复垦土壤上的应用效果, 以采煤塌陷复垦土壤为研究对象, 通过室内培养方法, 设空白对照, 探索了施有机肥(M)、磷细菌(B)、磷细菌+葡萄糖(BG)、磷细菌+尿素(BU)、磷细菌+葡萄糖+尿素(BGU)、磷细菌+葡萄糖+尿素+有机肥(BGUM)对磷细菌生长和土壤养分、磷吸附解吸的影响, 其中磷细菌菌液浓度为1.2×10 8CFU·mL -1, 接种量为是5 mL·盆 -1。结果表明: 在培养周期内各处理磷细菌数量呈先增加后减少的趋势, BGUM处理磷细菌数量远高于其他处理; 培养的60 d内BGUM处理土壤磷细菌数量由最初的1.0×10 6CFU·g -1降到3.3×10 4CFU·g -1, 60 d后, BGUM处理磷细菌数量分别是BGU、BG、BU、B处理的300倍、367倍、1 650倍、3 300倍。M、B和BGUM处理复垦土壤有效磷含量分别比CK处理增加172.27 mg·kg -1、3.00 mg·kg -1和188.9 mg·kg -1, 施用有机肥或者接种磷细菌可以显著增加土壤有效磷含量, 葡萄糖、尿素、有机肥与磷细菌配合施用对复垦土壤有效磷增加的效果更显著。随着外加磷源浓度的增加, 各处理复垦土壤吸磷量和解吸磷量都呈现增加的趋势, Langmuir等温吸附方程是描述各处理等温吸附特征的最佳方法; 与CK相比, BGUM处理土壤最大吸磷量降低幅度最大, 减少119.05 mg·kg -1, 吸附常数也显著降低, BGUM处理复垦土壤磷的平均解吸率为33.20%, 显著高于其他处理( P<0.05)。因此, 在各处理中, BGUM处理土壤磷细菌数量最多, 对复垦土壤有效磷的增加效果最显著, 对土壤最大缓冲容量和平均解吸率影响最大。BGUM处理是磷细菌在复垦土壤上应用的最佳选择, 即在复垦土壤上施用磷细菌时, 应该与合适的碳源、氮源及有机肥共同配合施用。

    Abstract:Large coal mining has greatly increased the subsidence area of land. Therefore, soil remediation is necessary for relieving stress on cultivated lands and protecting ecological environment in subsidence areas. Phosphorus (P) solubilizing bacteria in soil, an important role in P cycling, can convert insoluble phosphate into available P. Application of P solubilizing bacteria is an effective bio-measure in improvement of reclaimed soil. However, the effects of P solubilizing bacteria on P adsorption-desorption in reclaimed soil have been less concerned. In this study, reclamation soil samples were collected in mining-driven subsidence areas and laboratory incubation experiments conducted via application of P solubilizing bacteria and other different fertilizers (glucose, G; urine, U; organic fertilizer, M) on reclaimed soils. The soil available P, organic P contents and P adsorption-desorption characteristics were investigated after different times of incubation. The objectives of the study were to determine the P solubilizing bacteria effects on soil P nutrient and provide reference for rapid fertility of reclaimed soils. Seven treatments were conducted — control (no bacteriaP and fertilizers, CK); P solubilizing bacteria only (B); organic fertilizer only (M); P solubilizing bacteria and glucose (BG); P solubilizing bacteria and urine (BU); P solubilizing bacteria, glucose and urine (BGU); and P solubilizing bacteria, glucose, urine and organic fertilizer (BGUM). The amount of P solubilizing bacteria in one pot with 500 g soil was 5 mL P solubilizing bacteria fermented liquid (with P·solubilizing bacteria 1.2×10 8CFU·mL -1). The results showed that the amount of P solubilizing bacteria in soil initially increased and then decreased during the incubation period. Under BGUM treatment, the amount of P solubilizing bacteria decreased from 1.0×10 6CFU·g -1at the start of the experiment to 3.3×10 4CFU·g -1after 60 days of cultivation, which was 300, 367, 1 650 and 3 300 times of those of BGU, BG, BU and B treatments, respectively. Soil available P contents of M, B and BGUM treatments were 172.27 mg·kg -1, 3.00 mg·kg -1and 188.9 mg·kg -1higher than that of CK. Therefore, the application of P solubilizing bacteria or organic fertilizer obviously improved soil available P content and the effect was more significant under combined application of glucose, urine, organic fertilizer and P solubilizing bacteria. The P isothermal adsorption and desorption curves showed that with increasing exogenous P concentration, P adsorption and desorption decreased in each treatment. The Langmuir equation was the model that best described P adsorption isotherm under different treatments. The maximum soil P adsorption capacity was smallest under BGUM treatment, which was 119.05 mg·kg -1lower than that of CK. In addition, P adsorption coefficient under BGUM treatment also significantly decreased. The average desorption rate under BGUM treatment was 33.20%, which was significantly higher than those under other treatments. Overall, BGUM treatment had the highest amount of P solubilizing bacteria and average desorption rate. It also significantly improved soil available P content and influenced the maximum buffering capacity of soil P. Therefore, BGUM treatment was considered to be the best among all the treatments for the application of P solubilizing bacteria in soil reclamation. The results of this study suggested that suitable carbon source, nitrogen source and organic fertilizer were necessary during P solubilizing bacteria application in reclaimed soil.

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