陈宁宁, 李军, 吕薇, 王淑兰. 不同轮耕方式对渭北旱塬麦玉轮作田土壤物理性状与产量的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2015, 23(9): 1102-1111. DOI: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.150175
引用本文: 陈宁宁, 李军, 吕薇, 王淑兰. 不同轮耕方式对渭北旱塬麦玉轮作田土壤物理性状与产量的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2015, 23(9): 1102-1111. DOI: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.150175
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CHEN Ningning, LI Jun, LYU Wei, WANG Shulan. Effects of different rotational tillage patterns on soil physical properties and yield of winter wheat-spring maize rotation field in Weibei highland[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2015, 23(9): 1102-1111. DOI: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.150175
Citation: CHEN Ningning, LI Jun, LYU Wei, WANG Shulan. Effects of different rotational tillage patterns on soil physical properties and yield of winter wheat-spring maize rotation field in Weibei highland[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2015, 23(9): 1102-1111. DOI: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.150175
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不同轮耕方式对渭北旱塬麦玉轮作田土壤物理性状与产量的影响

Effects of different rotational tillage patterns on soil physical properties and yield of winter wheat-spring maize rotation field in Weibei highland

    摘要
  • 摘要: 为研究不同轮作模式对渭北旱作冬小麦春玉米一年1熟轮作田土壤物理性状和产量的影响, 于2007—2014年在陕西省合阳县冬小麦春玉米轮作田连续7年实施了保护性耕作定位试验, 测定和分析了免耕/深松、深松/翻耕、翻耕/免耕、连续免耕、连续深松和连续翻耕6种轮耕模式下麦田0~60 cm土层物理性状、0~200 cm土层土壤湿度和小麦产量的变化。结果表明: 1)不同轮耕模式0~40 cm土层土壤容重、孔隙度和田间持水量差异显著, 其中以免耕/深松效果最显著; 0~60 cm土层免耕/深松轮耕处理平均田间持水量较连续翻耕处理提高12.9%; 2)轮耕对土壤团聚体特性影响明显, 免耕/深松>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量(R0.25)最高, 结构体破碎率和不稳定团粒指数(ELT)最低, 水稳性均重直径(WMWD)最高, 水稳性和力稳性团聚体分形维数(D)均最低; 3)小麦生育期间免耕/深松处理0~200 cm土层土壤蓄水量和小麦产量较连续翻耕分别增加17.7 mm和9.5%。综合可知, 轮耕有利于耕层土壤物理结构改善, 免耕/深松更有利于耕层土壤大团聚体形成和土壤结构稳定, 利于土壤蓄水保墒和作物增产, 为渭北旱塬区麦玉轮作田较适宜的轮耕模式。

     

    Abstract: To study the effects of different rotational tillage patterns on soil physical properties and crop yield under winter wheat- spring maize single-cropping rotation systems in Weibei highlands, a 7-year on-site conservation tillage experiment was conducted, which consisted of three rotational tillage and three continuous tillage treatments. The rotational tillage systems included NT/ST (yearly rotation between no-tillage and subsoiling), ST/CT (yearly rotation between subsoiling and conventional tillage) and CT/NT (yearly rotation between conventional tillage and no-tillage). Also the continuous tillage treatments included continuous no-tillage (NT/NT), continuous subsoiling (ST/ST) and continuous conventional tillage (CT/CT). The study was conducted in wheat-maize rotation fields in 2007 to 2014 in Heyang County, Shaanxi Province. Soil physical properties (e.g., bulk density, soil aggregates and soil moisture) and crop yield under different tillage treatments were measured in 2014. The results were as follows: 1) Soil bulk density, soil porosity and field water capacity were significantly impacted by the three rotational tillage patterns, and were best under NT/ST rotational tillage. Compared with CT/CT treatment, NT/ST rotational tillage treatment increased average field capacity in the 060 cm soil layer by 12.9%. 2) The properties of soil aggregates changed significantly under different rotational tillage treatments. The NT/ST treatment was the best with the highest macro-aggregate content (R0.25), lowest rate of structure break-up, lowest unstable aggregate index (ELT), highest water-stable aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD) and lowest fractal dimension (D) of mechanical-stable and water-stable aggregates. 3) In wheat growing period, average soil water storage in the 0200 cm soil layer and yield of wheat under NT/ST treatment were respectively 17.7 mm and 9.5% higher than CT/CT treatment. It was concluded that rotational tillage was conducive for improving soil physical structure. Also NT/ST rotational tillage was more favorable for large topsoil aggregates and soil structure stability, for improving soil water conservation and then for increasing crop yield. Thus NT/ST treatment was a more appropriate rotational tillage pattern for wheat-maize rotation fields in Weibei highlands.

     

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