Abstract: Plant hydraulic conductance (K) refers to the rate of water flow (kg·s-?) per unit pressure drop (MPa), which drives flow through the plant or plant organ systems. It is an important eco-physiology index for measuring root water absorption and transmission capacity. Both internal and external factors could significantly change plant hydraulic conductance. This article summarized main research progress on the effects of environmental factors on plant hydraulic conductance. Environmental factors such as root zone soil moisture, nutrient, salinity, temperature and irrigation modes were analyzed. The paper threw further light on plant hydraulic conductance under different environmental factors. This had an important function in strengthening SPAC water transport theories and defining plant adaptive mechanisms to environmental conditions and high water use potential.