假蒟石油醚萃取物对螺旋粉虱的生物活性及代谢酶活性的影响
Biological activity of Piper sarmentosum Roxb petroleum ether extractand its effects on metabolic enzymes of Aleurodicus disperses Russell
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摘要: 为研究假蒟对螺旋粉虱的作用效果及对体内酶活力的影响, 在实验室采用叶片浸渍法测定了不同浓度的假蒟石油醚萃取物对螺旋粉虱成虫、若虫和蛹的生物活性, 并用生化方法测定了成虫体内几种代谢酶的活性变化。结果显示, 假蒟石油醚萃取物对螺旋粉虱具有良好的生物活性, 且随着处理时间的延长, 活性增强, 其活性大小为成虫 若虫 蛹。处理168 h时, 假蒟石油醚萃取物对螺旋粉虱若虫的LC50值(0.932 mg·mL-1)仅为处理24 h 时LC50值(2.207 mg·mL-1)的42.23%。处理72 h时, 假蒟石油醚萃取物对螺旋粉虱成虫和若虫的LC50值(0.430 mg·mL-1和1.303 mg·mL-1)分别为蛹(1.894 mg·mL-1)的22.70%和68.79%。经假蒟石油醚萃取物处理24 h后, 螺旋粉虱成虫体内的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)、羧酸酯酶(CarE)、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GSTs)等代谢酶均受到一定程度的抑制。10 mg·mL -1的假蒟石油醚萃取物对3种酶的抑制率分别为82.53%、82.79%、52.26%, 但低浓度的假蒟石油醚萃取物对螺旋粉虱成虫CarE、GSTs两种酶的活性反而有诱导现象, 其中对GSTs诱导效应较为明显。由此表明, 假蒟石油醚萃取物对螺旋粉虱有明显的毒杀作用。Abstract: Aleurodicus disperses Russell is a dangerous new invasive pest in Hainan Province with serious harm. This study was conducted to explore the biological efficacy of petroleum ether extracts from Piper sarmentosum Roxb on A. disperses. Petroleum ether extracts from P. sarmentosum were used at different concentrations to investigate their effects on A. disperses adults, nymphs and pupae using the leaf immersion method. Also the activities of AChE, CarE and GSTs in adult A. disperses were investigated via biochemical methods. The results indicated that petroleum ether extracts from P. sarmentosum had high bioactivities on adult, nymph and pupae A. disperses, which increased with lapse of time. LC50 value after the petroleum ether extracts application on nymph A. disperses for 168 h (0.932 mg·mL-1) was much lower than that for 24 h of treatment (2.207 mg·mL-1). When treated for 72 h, LC50 values of P. sarmentosum petroleum ether extracts application on A. disperses adults and nymphs and pupae were 0.430 mg·mL-1, 1.303 mg·mL-1 and 1.894 mg·mL-1, respectively. When treated for 24 h, AChE, CarE and GSTs in adult A. disperses were to some degree restrained. The inhibition rates of 10 mg·mL-1 concentration of P. sarmentosum petroleum ether extracts on AChE, CarE and GSTs of A. disperses adults were 82.53%, 82.79% and 52.26%, respectively. Whereas the activities of CarE and GSTs increased with decreasing dose of P. sarmentosum petroleum ether extracts, that on GSTs was a lot more obvious. In conclusion therefore, P. sarmentosum petroleum ether extract toxicity intensively inhibited A. disperses pest invasion in Hainan Province.
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