Abstract: The conception of optimum utilization of soil resource and sustainable development of agriculture,the basic goal of the optimum utilization of soil resource and the problem in the current utilization of soil resource were expounded. Based on the practice of agriculture production and scientific research in recent year,the six basic ways including the high production,high efficiency,high quality,stereoscopic,complexity and installations in the utilization of soil resource were put forward. It provides a base for the sustainable development of agriculture.