Abstract: According to the water and calorific condition on Loess Plateau and the research results obtained,different mulch types such as straw mulch, plastic film mulch, biological mulch, etc.,their environmental and economical benefit of farmland mulch on Loess Plateau were introduced and the application prospect of farmland mulch on Loess Plateau was discussed.It was pointed out that the farmland mulch could raise soil moisture content,increase temperature of plough layer, improve soil fertility, reduce soil and water loss, and promote crop growth.It was put forward that biological mulch,plastic film mulch and straw or stubble mulch should be applied extensively on Loess Plateau.