Abstract: The effect of different amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers applied on soil microbial biomass carbon, biomass nitrogen and biomass phosphorus was studied during corn growth periods through the field plot experiments. The results showed that different amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers applied have no distinct effect on microbial biomass carbon. While the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied is 225 kg/hm², microbial biomass nitrogen will be reduced. It also has obviously inhibiting effect on microbial biomass phosphorus when the amount of phosphorus fertilizer applied reaches to 225 kg/hm².