Abstract: The changes of soil granularity and its fractal features of the abandoned land in Yijinhuoluo County，Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in different years were studied．The results show that the soil with less fine particles has less fractal dimension and vice versa．The particle size less than 0．025mm has obvious exponential relation with fractal dimension，reflecting the degree of the land esertification．There also exist remarkable relations among the organic matter，nitrogen of the soil and fractal dimension．Therefore，the soil fractal dimens ion can be used aS an impo rtant and quantitative index indicating the degree of the land desertification and evaluating soil deterioration．