Difficulty, problems and countermeasures of agricultural non-point sources pollution control in China

Green development of agriculture and agricultural products quality improvement are essential approaches to solve the major contradictions in agriculture in the new era. It is the prerequisite to control agricultural non-point sources pollution for environmental improvement of agricultural production system. The paper analyzed situation, difficulties and problems of control of agricultural non-point pollution based on the systematic literature research on related studies. The non-point pollution in China had become a common problem during 40 years since the Rural Reform and changed following a tendency of "increase-decrease". It also showed obvious regional difference, with higher pollutant emission in the east and middle than in the west. The factors influencing agricultural non-point pollution in China were growth-pursuing development concept, dual eco-social structure of urban and rural, pollution negative externality, high control cost and various production behaviors of farmers, as well as agricultural technology, land system and policy, market, etc. The difficulties in agricultural non-point pollution control were that, firstly, the fertilizers were overused regarding total amount and intensity leading to inefficient utilization and nutrients loss. Secondly, the increased input of pesticides plus wrappages had aggravated pollution. Thirdly, the "white pollution" caused by agricultural film utilization was difficult to be eradicated in a short time. Fourthly, there was also the serious pollution coming from the huge amount of livestock and poultry wastes. The problems existing in control of agricultural non-point source pollution were multi-source of control objects, diversity of control subjects, non-effectiveness of control technology and lack of mechanism. Therefore, it was necessary to raise overall awareness on importance of agricultural non-point source pollution control with guideline of green development concept, and to supervise implementation of agricultural non-point source pollution action plan, especially, to pay attention on evaluation of control effects. Meantime, multiple innovations was essential for establishment of a healthy agricultural production system which was favor of control of agricultural non-point sources pollution.