Development of a "production-ecology-life" coupling tea garden in a mountain area

Based on a survey of several rural tea gardens in Fujian Province, the new coupling ecosystem of production, ecology, and life in mountain areas, referred to as "production-ecology-life" coupling tea gardens, was suggested according to the rural revitalization strategy and green development requirements for the mountain tea industry. This model was based on the timing-space-structured rational layout of tea garden functional elements, including production, ecology and life, and the coupling of mountain ecological processes. It promoted the complementarity and superposition of tea garden subsystems through ordered links and mutual promotion of related elements, and improved resource utilization and labor productivity in mountain tea gardens. In this paper, we discussed the construction of a comprehensive development and management system for the "production-ecology-life" coupling tea garden in a mountain area from six subsystems, including ecological restoration and soil fertility improvement; soil and water conservation and dimensional interplanting/breeding; water conservation and tea garden landscape; green environment and tea travel-life; scientific reclamation and water and fertilizer regulation; and diverse development and leisure health. Finally, eight countermeasures for green management and sustainable development of the "production-ecology-life" coupling tea garden in mountain areas were suggested, including policy guidance and scientific planning; project driving and integration demonstration; encouragement of innovation and reward subsidy; diversified development and promotion of efficiency; green management and brand cultivation; coordinating the "production-ecology-life" relationship and improving the coordination mechanism; improving the occasion and optimizing positive action; and strengthening management and promoting industrial integration. These measures provided a reference for transforming and enhancing the green tea industry in the future.