Local influence of underlying surface on meteorological elements and associated climatic effect

To explore the influence of underlying surface on meteorological elements and associated climatic effects and to lay scientific basis for local environmental improvement, field meteorological observations were conducted in 4 underlying surfaces (forestland, grassland, bare land and cultivated land) and collected climatic element data statistically analyzed. The results show that different underlying surfaces significantly influence daily variations in meteorological elements in spring. The order of the degree of influence is as follows: wind speed > ground temperature > air temperature > air humidity. Different underlying surfaces exert different degrees of influence on seasonal variations of meteorological elements, which is significant in spring and summer, but insignificant in autumn and winter. Analysis of heat balance and its components, and evapotranspiration shows that forestland and grassland have obvious effects of cooling and humidification on climate, whereas bare land is identified with dry and hot climate. Climatic conditions under cultivated lands are in between that of forestland, grassland and bare land.