Construction and empirical analysis of eco-sericulture technology system in Qin-Ba Mountain Area

Sericulture production technology has gradually changed from dispersed small-scale mode to intensive large-scale mode in China. This has greatly increased not only labor force production efficiency in sericulture, but also rural sericulture production income. Concurrently, however, the ecological effectiveness has been insufficient for intensive sericulture technology system. Sericultural production waste has polluted rural ecological environments. To resolve the issue of ecological inefficiency in sericulture technology system and low used efficiency of sericulture resource material, a research was conducted on intensive sericulture technology framework using utilization ratio of annually biosynthesized dry matter in mulberry as a measurement index. For evaluation, the balance was set for technology productivity efficiency and ecological efficiency. Under an integrated eco-sericulture technology system, individual technological balance was evaluated in terms of three efficiencies - technological efficiency, economic efficiency and ecological efficiency. This innovative application of production mode and reflux mode in sericulture resource material optimized sericulture resource material use mode, controlled pollution degree of production wastes in rural ecological environments and formed eco-sericulture technology system frameworks. The frameworks included mulberry branch edible fungus industry production chain, silkworm excrement biogas control pollution and recycled link of filature waste water. Application of eco-sericulture technology system in rural Qin-Ba Mountain Area improved ecological efficiency of sericulture production technology, significantly increased use efficiency of sericulture resource material and environmental water resource and improved rural ecological environment conditions. The estimates for Shiquan County in Shaanxi Province suggested that production and utilization efficiency of sericulture resource material increased by 20.8%, mulberry branch edible fungus industry production was at 10 million bag·a^-1, reflux utilization increased by 52.9%, avoided loss of sericulture resource materials, recycled environment water resources ratio was at 70.4% and total circulation water recovery/utilization was at 992 m^-3·d^-1. Discharged waste water COD_Cr (the chemical oxygen demand was used by potassium dichromate as oxidant) was <85 mg·L^-1, which met national standards - Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-96). Eco-sericulture technology system therefore not only reduced pollution from sericulture production in rural ecological environments, but also stabilized sustainable development of sericulture production in the Qin-Ba Mountain Area.